Buying National Security: How America Plans and Pays for Its Global Role and Safety at Home
The tools of American statecraft—defense, diplomacy, foreign and security assistance, homeland security and intelligence—are rarely examined together. Adams and Williams fill this gap by examining how these tools work, how they are planned for, and how they are budgeted. Seeing policy through the lens of the budget can help decision makers and ordinary citizens discern the genuine priorities of national leaders from the oftentimes illusory ones portrayed in rhetoric. Simply put, policies and...
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The tools of American statecraft—defense, diplomacy, foreign and security assistance, homeland security and intelligence—are rarely examined together. Adams and Williams fill this gap by examining how these tools work, how they are planned for, and how they are budgeted. Seeing policy through the lens of the budget can help decision makers and ordinary citizens discern the genuine priorities of national leaders from the oftentimes illusory ones portrayed in rhetoric. Simply put, policies and strategies cannot be carried out without a corresponding allocation of resources. Buying National Security weaves a tapestry around the institutions, organizations, tools, and processes that support planning and resource allocation across the breadth of the American national security enterprise. The authors analyze the planning and resource integration activities across agencies of the Executive branch as well as examine the structure and processes the Congress uses to carry out its national security oversight and budgetary responsibilities. Finally, they review the adequacy of the current structures and process and evaluate proposals for ways both might be reformed to fit the demands of the 21st century security environment.
List of Illustrations ixAcknowledgments xiList of Acronyms xiii1 Money is Policy: Planning and Budgeting for Security and Foreign Affairs 12 Resource Planning for International Affairs and State Operations 83 Foreign Economic Assistance Budgeting and Programs 324 Political and Security Assistance Budgeting and Programs 665 Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution in the Department of Defense 936 Intelligence Planning and Budgeting 1207 Resource Allocation and Budgeting for Homeland Security 1418 The Role of the Executive Office of the President in National Security Budgeting 1629 Resource Allocation and Budgeting in Congress 19310 The Politics of National Security Budgeting 22111 The Road Ahead: How Might Budgeting Change? 245Notes 255Bibliography 317About the Authors 333Index 335
