Computing Attitude and Affect in Text: Theory and Applications
The chapters in this book address attitude, affect, and subjective opinion. Various conceptual models and computational methods are presented, including distinguishing attitudes from simple factual assertions; distinguishing between the author’s reports from reports of other people’s opinions; and distinguishing between explicitly and implicitly stated attitudes. In addition, many applications are described that promise to benefit from the ability to understand attitudes and affect, such as...
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Human Language Technology (HLT) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems have typically focused on the "factual" aspect of content analysis. Other aspects, including pragmatics, opinion, and style, have received much less attention. However, to achieve an adequate understanding of a text, these aspects cannot be ignored.The chapters in this book address attitude, affect, and subjective opinion. Various conceptual models and computational methods are presented, including distinguishing attitudes from simple factual assertions; distinguishing between the author’s reports from reports of other people’s opinions; and distinguishing between explicitly and implicitly stated attitudes. In addition, many applications are described that promise to benefit from the ability to understand attitudes and affect, such as indexing and retrieval of documents by opinion; automatic question answering about opinions; analysis of sentiment in the media and in discussion groups; analyzing client discourse in therapy and counseling; determining relations between scientific texts; generating more appropriate texts; and creating writers’ aids. In addition to English texts, the collection includes studies of French, Japanese, and Portuguese texts.The chapters in this book are extended and revised versions of papers presented at the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) Spring Symposium on Exploring Attitude and Affect in Text, which took place in March 2004 at Stanford University. The symposium, and the book which grew out it, represents a first foray into this area and a balance among conceptual models, computational methods, and applications.
1Contextual valence shifters12Conveying attitude with reported speech113Where attitudinal expressions get their attitude234Analysis of linguistic features associated with point of view for generating stylistically appropriate text335The subjectivity of lexical cohesion in text416A weighted referential activity dictionary497Certainty identification in texts : categorization model and manual tagging results618Evaluating an opinion annotation scheme using a new multi-perspective question and answer corpus779Validating the coverage of lexical resources for affect analysis and automatically classifying new words along semantic axes9310A computational semantic lexicon of French verbs of emotion10911Extracting opinion propositions and opinion holders using syntactic and lexical cues12512Approaches for automatically tagging affect14313Argumentative zoning for improved citation indexing15914Politeness and bias in dialogue summarization : two exploratory studies17115Generating more-positive and more-negative text18716Identifying interpersonal distance using systemic features19917Corpus-based study of scientific methodology : comparing the historical and experimental sciences21518Argumentative zoning applied to critiquing novices' scientific abstracts23319Using hedges to classify citations in scientific articles24720Towards a robust metric of polarity26521Characterizing buzz and sentiment in Internet sources : linguistic summaries and predictive behaviors28122Good news or bad news? : let the market decide29723Opinion polarity identification of movie reviews30324Multi-document viewpoint summarization focused on facts, opinion and knowledge317
