Ethnicity
Although the term "ethnicity" is recent, the sense of kinship, group solidarity, and common culture to which it refers is as old as the historical record. Ethnic communities have been present in every period and on every continent, and have played an important role in all societies. The sense of a common ethnicity remains a major focus of identification for individuals even today. Ethnic community and identity are also often associated with conflict, particularly with political struggles in...
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Although the term "ethnicity" is recent, the sense of kinship, group solidarity, and common culture to which it refers is as old as the historical record. Ethnic communities have been present in every period and on every continent, and have played an important role in all societies. The sense of a common ethnicity remains a major focus of identification for individuals even today. Ethnic community and identity are also often associated with conflict, particularly with political struggles in various parts of the world. Yet there is no essential connection between ethnicity and conflict, and in many instances, relations may in fact be peaceful and cooperative. This Oxford Reader offers explanations for the often contentious nature of ethnicity, its worldwide effects, and the possible means for overcoming conflicts. It includes extracts by all the major contributors to debates on ethnicity, including Weber, Brass, Hechter, and Horowitz, and focuses on ethnic groups in the Middle East, the Balkans, Africa, and North America, as well as other areas.
List of MapsIntroduction31Ethnicity and Minority Groups172History and Ethnicity183The Core Elements of Ethnicity244Ethnicity, Race, Class and Nation285The Origins of Ethnic Groups356Primordial Ties407The Poverty of Primordialism458The Inexpungeable Tie of Primordiality519Does Race Matter?5710Ethnicity as Being, Doing and Knowing6311Beyond Reason: The Nature of the Ethnonational Bond6912Ethnic Groups and Boundaries7513Ethnicity and Politics8314Ethnic Groups and Ethnic Identity Formation8515Ethnicity and Rational Choice Theory9016The Actor's Model of Ethnic Relations9817Pre-modern Polyethnicity and Ethnic Homogeneity10718The Ancient Greeks and their Nation11119The Cultural Roots of Modern Japan11620Archetypal Diasporas12021Language and Ethnicity in Medieval Europe12722Beyond the Melting Pot13523Ethnicity and Social Change13824Symbolic Ethnicity14625The Making of Black Identities15526The New Ethnicities16127Fictive Ethnicity and Ideal Nation16428Civic and Ethnic Nations in France and Germany16829Old Tribes and Imposed Nation-States in the Middle East17430Middlemen Minorities17931Chosen Peoples18932Religion and Ethnicity19733Orthodoxy and Nationalism20234Ethnic and Political Nations in Europe20935Diaspora and Language22136Symbolic Ethnicity and Language22737The Creation of Ethnicity in South Africa22938The Plural Society23839Multiculturalism in Europe24140The Idea of 'Race' in Modern China24541Pan-Africanism and European Imperialism25442The Aryan Myth and Biblical Universalism25943Genocide and the Plural Society26244The Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust27045Internal Colonialism27846Ethnic Soldiers28247Symbolic Politics and Ethnic Status28548Indigenous Peoples and the State in Latin America29149Ethnicity and Politics in Pakistan: The Baluch Case29450The Politics of Ethnicity in India30151Ethnicity, Nationalism and Democracy in South-East Asia30552Women, Ethnicity, and Nationalism31153Diasporas and International Relations31654Self-Determination as an International Issue32155Conflict-Regulation in Deeply Divided Societies32656Eliminating and Managing Ethnic Differences33357Post-Soviet Ethnic Conflict and International Politics34158From Ethnic to Civic Nationalism: English Canada and Quebec34859Ethnic Nationalism in the Late Twentieth Century35560Australia: Multi-Ethnic Community Without Nationalism?35861The Post-Modern Revival of Ethnicity36762Globalization and Ethno-Cultural Differences37063Ethnicity and Multiculturalism in Immigrant Societies374Notes378Select Bibliography423Biographical Notes430Source Acknowledgements439Index443
