Health and Mental Health Care Policy: A Biopsychosocial Perspective
This text fills a void in social work literature by offering a comprehensive, in-depth overview of health and mental health care policy in the United States.\ \ Health and Mental Health Care Policy provides a biopsychosocial perspective on health and mental health care and policy. It examines the legislative and political development of health and mental health care policy in the United States with a focus on the failure to achieve universal coverage and the development of employment-based...
Search in google:
This text fills a void in social work literature by offering a comprehensive, in-depth overview of health and mental health care policy in the United States.Health and Mental Health Care Policy provides a biopsychosocial perspective on health and mental health care and policy. It examines the legislative and political development of health and mental health care policy in the United States with a focus on the failure to achieve universal coverage and the development of employment-based insurance and managed care. The authors discuss the impact of poverty and inequality on health, examine the health status of disadvantaged and at-risk populations and consider implications for policy and practice.
Part ONE Introduction 1 of Health and Health PolicyIntroduction&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Determinants of Health: A Biopsychosocial Perspective&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Biological FactorsPsychological FactorsSocial FactorsBiopsychosocial DynamicsA Biopsychosocial Approach to HealthApproaches to Health Policy&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Stage One: Disease and Health CareStage Two: Escalating CostsStage Three: A New Concept of HealthStage Four: A New Framework for Health PolicyStage Five: Costs and Benefits of Health PolicyInternational Policy EffortsImplications for Health and Health Care Policy in the United StatesHighlightsReferencesPart TWO National Health and Mental Health Policy in the United States 2 The Failure to Enact National Health Insurance: 1865—1946Early Efforts to Reform National Health and Mental Health Care: 1865—1912&#lt;blockquote&#gt;The Beginnings of Social Work and Public HealthThe Need for Public Health ServicesThe Mental Hygiene MovementCompulsory Health Insurance Efforts: 1912—1920&#lt;blockquote&#gt;American Association for Labor LegislationEstablishment of the U.S. Public Health ServiceFederal—State Reforms and Private Insurance: 1920—1932&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Sheppard—Towner Infancy and Maternity BillThe Creation of Blue Cross and Blue Shield and the Veterans Health AdministrationThe New Deal Reforms: 1932—1940&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Maternal and Child Health ServicesThe Failure to Enact Compulsory InsuranceFederal Health and Mental Health Policy and Services: 1941—1946&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Emergency Maternal and Infant Care ProgramPublic Health Services ActNational Mental Health ActHill—Burton Hospital Survey and Construction ActHighlightsReferences 3 Emergence of Employment-Based Insurance and Managed Care: 1943 to the Present&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Political Opposition to National Health Insurance: 1943—1950 The Defeat of National Health Care Legislation: 1943—1949The Enactment of Medicare: 1950—1965Health Care Inflation and Strategies for Reform: 1970—1988&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Renewed Struggle for National Health InsuranceThe Rise of HMOsRegulatory ReformDiagnosis-Related GroupsThe Creation and Role of Community Mental Health Centers: 1963—1992&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Mental Retardation and Community Mental Health Centers Construction ActMedicaid’s Role in DeinstitutionalizationAlcohol and Drug Abuse ServicesConsumer Protection Efforts: Patients’ RightsCommunity Support ProgramThe Decline of Community Mental Health: 1980—1992&#lt;blockquote&#gt;State Comprehensive Mental Health Services Plan ActStewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance ActThe Rise and Fall of the Health Security Act: 1988—1996&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Proposals for a Single-Payer Plan Clinton’s Proposal: The Health Security Act of 1993&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Mental Health ParityWhy the Act FailedPolitical Weakness of ReformersStrong OppositionPublic Ambivalence and ConfusionThe Aftermath of the Health Security Act: 1995—2003&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Health Insurance Portability and Accountability ActState Children’s Health Insurance ProgramMental Health Parity ActReforming the Veterans Health AdministrationEfforts to Renew Public HealthReform during the Bush Years&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Public Health Concerns after September 11, 2001BioterrorismSpread of Infectious DiseaseThe President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental HealthMedicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003Prescription Drug CoverageHealth Savings AccountsHealth Care in the 2004 ElectionUnited States Health Care Costs in International Perspective&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Quality of Health Care in the United States HighlightsReferencesPart THREE The U.S. Health Care System Today 4 Access to Care &#lt;blockquote&#gt;The Need for Access&#lt;blockquote&#gt;What Is Access?Why Is Access Important?Trends in Coverage and Reasons for ConcernHealth Insurance Coverage in the United States&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Declining Coverage&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Rising CostsJobs without CoverageChanging Work ForceReductions in CoverageThe Uninsured Population in the United States&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Uninsured WorkersRegional and State DifferencesAgeRace and Ethnicity&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Latinas/osAfrican AmericansAsian AmericansNative Hawaiians and Pacific IslandersNative AmericansHealth Insurance and Utilization of Services&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Differences in Access among the Insured and Uninsured&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Use Patterns by People of ColorU.S. Indian Health ServiceCommunity Benefits: The Free-Care Safety NetImproving Access to Health Care&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Principles of AccessExpanding CoverageHighlightsWebsites to Obtain Updated and Additional InformationReferences5 The Growth and Development of Managed Care The Health Maintenance Act of 1973From HMOs to Managed CareFrom Managed Care to Managed CompetitionManaged-Care BacklashManaged Care and Medicare&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Medicare 1 ChoiceMedicare AdvantageManaged Care and Medicaid&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Balanced Budget Act of 1997State Medicaid Managed-Care PlansManaged Behavioral Health Care&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Health Care PlansCarve-Out PlansCost ControlParityClinical PracticeThe Future of Managed CareHighlightsWebsites to Obtain Updated and Additional InformationReferences6 Medicare and Medicaid Medicare&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Benefits and Financing&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Hospital Insurance (Part A)Medical Insurance (Part B)Medicare Advantage (Part C)Medicare Prescription Drugs (Part D)Gaps in Coverage and Cost SharingMedicare Benefit PaymentsBeneficiaries&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Older AdultsAdults with DisabilitiesWomenManaged Care and MedicareFuture of MedicareMedicaid&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Benefits and Financing&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Mandatory and Optional BenefitsMandatory and Optional EligibilityMedicaid Benefit PaymentsRecipients&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Poor and Low-Income Pregnant Women, Children, and Families &#lt;blockquote&#gt;&#lt;blockquote&#gt;State Children’s Health Insurance Program (S-CHIP)Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Poor and Low-Income Children and Adults with Disabilities&#lt;blockquote&#gt;&#lt;blockquote&#gt;SSI and ChildrenS-CHIP TodaySSI and AdultsMedically NeedyPoor and Low-Income Older Adults (Medicare and Medicaid Dual Eligibles)Managed Care and MedicaidHighlightsWebsites to Obtain Updated and Additional InformationReferencesPart FOUR At-Risk and Underserved Populations 7 in Health: People of Color Defining RiskMeasuring Health Disparities&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Demography&#lt;blockquote&#gt;MorbidityMortalityLife ExpectancyEpidemiology&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Health Targets African Americans&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Life Expectancy and Infant MortalityHIV/AIDSCancer and Cardiovascular Disease&#lt;blockquote&#gt;CancerCardiovascular DiseaseDiabetesUnintentional Injuries: Neighborhood ViolenceLatinas/os (Hispanics)&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Life Expectancy and Infant MortalityDiabetesHIV/AIDSAsian Americans and Pacific Islanders&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Life ExpectancyCancer and Cardiovascular DiseaseDiabetesNative Americans&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Chronic Diseases and Infant MortalityAlcoholism and Alcohol-Related Mental Health ProblemsEnvironmental Health RisksCancerRacial Differences in the Delivery of Medical Care&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Infant and Child HealthHeart Disease and StrokeCancerDiabetesHIV/AIDSHighlightsWebsites to Obtain Updated and Additional InformationReferences8 Disparities in Health: Gender and Age-Based Differences Women and Infants&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Cancer and Cardiovascular DiseaseHIV/AIDSMaternal and Infant MortalityMaternal, Prenatal, and Child Health ServicesFamily Planning ServicesViolence against WomenDepressionWomen in Medical ResearchChildren and Adolescents&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Infectious DiseasesRisky Behaviors: Substance AbuseYouth SmokingYouth DrinkingYouth Drug AbuseChild Abuse and NeglectExposure to ViolenceOlder Adults&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Long-Term CareElder AbuseOlder Adults in Medical ResearchHighlightsWebsites to Obtain Updated and Additional InformationReferencesPart FIVE New Directions for Health and Health Policy 9 Beyond Health Care What Determines Good Health?&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Inequality and Health&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Absolute versus Relative PovertyInequality and MortalityExplaining the Health Gradient&#lt;blockquote&#gt;Psychosocial VariablesSocial CohesionChildhood DevelopmentMaterial ConditionsConclusionImplications for ChangeHighlightsReferencesGlossaryIndex
