Mental Mechanisms: Philosophical Perspectives on Cognitive Neuroscience
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A variety of scientific disciplines have set as their task explaining mental activities, recognizing that in some way these activities depend upon our brain. But, until recently, the opportunities to conduct experiments directly on our brains were limited. As a result, research efforts were split between disciplines such as cognitive psychology, linguistics, and artificial intelligence that investigated behavior, while disciplines such as neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and genetics experimented on the brains of non-human animals. In recent decades these disciplines integrated, and with the advent of techniques for imaging activity in human brains, the term cognitive neuroscience has been applied to the integrated investigations of mind and brain. This book is a philosophical examination of how these disciplines continue in the mission of explaining our mental capacities.
Preface ixNaturalism and Mechanism: Outlines of a New Philosophy of Science 1From Mental Phenomena to Operations: Delineating and Decomposing Memory 49From Working Parts to Operations: Decomposing Visual Processing 89Reduction and Independence of Higher-level Sciences: A Rapprochement 129Representations and Mental Mechanisms 159From Responsive to Active Mechanisms 201Confronting Mechanism's Critics: Accounting for Freedom and Dignity via Mental Mechanisms 239References 269Author Index 297Subject Index 305
