Minority Status, Oppositional Culture, and Schooling
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This book is the definitive and final presentation of John Ogbu’s cultural ecological model and the many debates that his work has sparked during the past decade. The theory and empirical foundation of Ogbu’s scholarship, which some have mistakenly reduced to the "acting white hypothesis," is fully presented and re-visited in this posthumous collection of his new writings plus the works of over 20 scholars. Ogbu’s own chapters present how his ideas about minority education and culture developed. Readers will find in these chapters the theoretical roots of his cultural ecological model. The book is organized as a dialogue between John Ogbu and the scholarly community, including his most ardent critics; Ogbu’s own work can be read at the same time as his critics have their say. Minority Status, Oppositional Culture, and Schooling examines content, methodological, and policy issues framing the debate on academic achievement, school engagement, and oppositional culture. It brings together in one volume, for the first time, some of the most critical works on these issues as well as examples of programs aimed at re-engagement. In addition to African Americans, it also looks at school engagement among Native American and Latino students. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in the study of the academic achievement gap.
Tables and Figures xiForeword Roselyn Arilin Mickelson xvPreface John U. Ogbu xxiiiA Note from Marcellina Ada Ogbu xxviiAcknowledgments Marcellina Ada Ogbu xxxiPart I History and Framework1 The History and Status of a Theoretical Debate John U. Ogbu 32 Collective Identity and the Burden of "Acting White" in Black History, Community, and Education John U. Ogbu 293 Ways of Knowing: The Ethnographic Approach to the Study of Collective Identity and Schooling John U. Ogbu 644 Multiple Sources of Peer Pressures among African American Students John U. Ogbu 895 Language and Collective Identity among Adults and Students in a Black Community John U. Ogbu 1126 "Signithia, You Can Do Better Than That": John Ogbu (and Me) and the Nine Lives Peoples Signithia Fordham 130Part II Collective Identity, Black Americans, and Schooling7 High School Students of Color Talk about Accusations of "Acting White" David A. Bergin Helen C. Cooks 1458 Black Students' Identity and Acting White and Black Linwood Cousins 1679 Reexamining Resistance as Oppositional Behavior: The Nation of Islam and the Creation of a Black Achievement Ideology (The Remix) A.A.Akom 19010 What does "Acting White" Actually Mean? Racial Identity, Adolescent Development, and Academic Achievement among African American Youth Margaret Beale Spencer Vinay Harpalani 22211 "Excellence" and Student Class, Race, and Gender Cultures Lois Wets 24012 Racial Identity Attitudes, School Achievement, and Academic Self-Efficacy among African American High School Students Karen McCurtis Witherspoon Suzette L. Speight Anita Jones Thomas 257Part III Reassessment and Methodological Issues13The Burden of "Acting White": Do Black Adolescents Disparage Academic Achievement? Phillip J. Cook Jens Ludwig 27514 A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Confirming Oppositional Culture Theory Douglas B. Downey 29815 Quantitative Studies of Oppositional Culture: Arguments and Evidence George Farkas 31216 The Structure of Opportunity and Adolescents' Academic Achievement Attitudes and Behaviors Roslyn Arlin Mickelson 34817 Oppositional Identity and Academic Achievement among African American Males Miles Anthony Irving Cynthia Hubley 374Part IV Cross-Cultural Studies of Identity18 Situational Ethnicity and Patterns of School Performance among Immigrant and Nonimmigrant Mexican-Descent Students Maria Eugenia Matute-Bianchi 39719 Navajo Youth and Anglo Racism: Cultural Integrity and Resistance Donna Deyhle 43320 A Quantitative Examination of Oppositional Identity among African American and Latino Middle-School Students April Taylor 48121 Ogbu's Voluntary and Involuntary Minority Hypothesis and the Politics of Caring Angela Valenzuela 496Part V Model Programs and Applications22 Forming Academic Identities: Accommodation without Assimilation among Involuntary Minorities Hugh Mehan Lea Hubbard Irene Villanueva 53323 The Minority Achievement Committee: Students Leading Students to Greater Success in School Mary Lynne McGovern Astrid Davis John U. Ogbu 560Part VI Conclusion24 Forward-Looking Criticism: Critiques and Enhancements for the Next Generation of the Cultural-Ecological Model Kevin Michael Foster 577Appendix Black Students' School Success: Coping with the "Burden of 'Acting White' " Signithia Fordham John U. Ogbu 593Contributors 628Index 636
