Nicomachean Ethics: Aristotle
Of Aristotle's works, few have had as lasting an influence on subsequent Western thought as The Nicomachean Ethics. In it, he argues that happiness consists in “activity of the soul in accordance with virtue,” defining “virtue” as both moral (courage, generosity, and justice) and intellectual (knowledge, wisdom, and insight). Aristotle also discusses the nature of practical reasoning, the different forms of friendship, and the relationship between individual virtue and the state. Featuring a...
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Building on the strengths of the first edition, the second edition of the Irwin Nicomachean Ethics features a revised translation (without extensive editorial intervention), expanded notes (including a summary of the argument of each chapter), an expanded Introduction, and a revised glossary.
PrefaceixAbbreviations and ConventionsxiIntroductionxiiiNicomachean Ethics1Book I[Happiness]11.[Ends and Goods]12.[The Highest Good and Political Science]13.[The Method of Political Science]24.[Common Beliefs]35.[The Three Lives]46.[The Platonic Form of the Good]57.[An Account of the Human Good]78.[Defense of the Account of the Good]109.[How Is Happiness Achieved?]1210.[Can We Be Happy during Our Lifetime?]1311.[How Happiness Can Be Affected after One's Death]1512.[Praise and Honor]1513.[Introduction to the Virtues]16Book II[Virtue of Character]181.[How a Virtue of Character Is Acquired]182.[Habituation]193.[The Importance of Pleasure and Pain]204.[Virtuous Actions versus Virtuous Character]225.[Virtue of Character: Its Genus]236.[Virtue of Character: Its Differentia]237.[The Particular Virtues of Character]258.[Relations between Mean and Extreme States]279.[How Can We Reach the Mean?]29Book III[Preconditions of Virtue]301.[Voluntary Action]302.[Decision]333.[Deliberation]344.[Wish]365.[Virtue and Vice Are in Our Power]37[The Individual Virtues of Character]406.[Bravery; Its Scope]407.[Bravery; Its Characteristic Outlook]418.[Conditions That Resemble Bravery]429.[Feelings Proper to Bravery]4410.[Temperance; Its Scope]4511.[Temperance; Its Outlook]4712.[Intemperance]48Book IV491.[Generosity]492.[Magnificence]533.[Magnanimity]564.[The Virtue Concerned with Small Honors]605.[Mildness]616.[Friendliness]627.[Truthfulness]638.[Wit]659.[Shame]66Book V[Justice]671.[Varieties of Justice]672.[Special Justice Contrasted with General]693.[Justice in Distribution]714.[Justice in Rectification]725.[Justice in Exchange]746.[Political Justice]777.[Justice by Nature and by Law]788.[Justice, Injustice, and the Voluntary]799.[Puzzles about Justice and Injustice]8010.[Decency]8311.[Injustice to Oneself]84Book VI[Virtues of Thought]861.[The Mean and the Virtues of Thought]862.[Thought, Desire, and Decision]873.[Scientific Knowledge]874.[Craft Knowledge]885.[Prudence]896.[Understanding]907.[Wisdom versus Prudence]908.[Types of Prudence]929.[Good Deliberation]9310.[Comprehension]9511.[Practical Thought and Particulars]9512.[Puzzles about Prudence and Wisdom]9613.[Prudence and Virtue of Character]98Book VII[Incontinence]991.[Virtue, Vice, and Incontinence]992.[Puzzles about Incontinence]1003.[Incontinence and Ignorance]1024.[Simple Incontinence]1045.[Bestiality and Disease]1066.[Incontinence and Related Conditions]1077.[Incontinence, Intemperance, and Softness]1098.[Why Intemperance Is Worse than Incontinence]1109.[Continence]11110.[Answers to Further Questions about Incontinence]113[Pleasure]11411.[Questions about Pleasure]11412.[Pleasure and Good]11513.[Pleasure and Happiness]11614.[Bodily Pleasures]117Book VIII[Friendship]1191.[Common Beliefs and Questions]1192.[The Object of Friendship]1203.[The Three Types of Friendship]1214.[Comparison between the Types of Friendship]1235.[State and Activity in Friendship]1246.[Activities Characteristic of the Different Types of Friendship]1257.[Friendship between Unequals]1278.[Giving and Receiving in Friendship]1289.[Friendship in Communities]12910.[Political Systems]13011.[Friendships in Political Systems]13112.[Friendships in Families]13213.[Disputes in Friendships between Equals]13414.[Disputes in Friendships between Unequals]136Book IX1371.[Friends with Dissimilar Aims]1372.[Conflicts between Different Types of Friendships]1393.[Dissolution of Friendships]1404.[Self-love and Friendship]1415.[Goodwill and Friendship]1436.[Friendship and Concord]1447.[Active Benevolence and Friendship]1458.[Self-love and Selfishness]1469.[Why Are Friends Needed?]14810.[How Many Friends Are Needed?]15011.[Friends in Good and Ill Fortune]15112.[Shared Activity in Friendship]152Book X[Pleasure]1531.[The Right Approach to Pleasure]1532.[Arguments about Pleasure]1543.[Pleasure Is a Good, but Not the Good]1554.[Pleasure Is an Activity]1575.[Pleasures Differ in Kind]159[Happiness: Further Discussion]1626.[Conditions for Happiness]1627.[Happiness and Theoretical Study]1638.[Theoretical Study and the Other Virtues]165[From Ethics to Politics]1679.[Moral Education]167Notes172Glossary315Further Reading355
