Out to Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States
First published in 1982, this pioneering work traces the transformation of "women's work" into wage labor in the United States, identifying the social, economic, and ideological forces that have shaped our expectations of what women do. Basing her observations upon the personal experience of individual American women set against the backdrop of American society, Alice Kessler-Harris examines the effects of class, ethnic and racial patterns, changing perceptions of wage work for women, and the...
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First published in 1982, this pioneering work traces the transformation of "women's work" into wage labor in the United States, identifying the social, economic, and ideological forces that have shaped our expectations of what women do. Basing her observations upon the personal experience of individual American women set against the backdrop of American society, Alice Kessler-Harris examines the effects of class, ethnic and racial patterns, changing perceptions of wage work for women, and the relationship between wage-earning and family roles. In the 20th Anniversary Edition of this landmark book, the author has updated the original and written a new Afterword.
IForming the Female Wage Labor Force: Colonial America to the Civil War1Limits of Independence in the Colonial Economy32From Household Manufactures to Wage Work203Industrial Wage Earners and the Domestic Ideology45IIThe Idea of Home and Mother at Work: The Civil War to World War I4"Why Is It Can a Woman Not Be Virtuous If She Does Mingle with the Toilers?"755Women's Choices in an Expanding Labor Market1086Technology, Efficiency, and Resistance1427Protective Labor Legislation180IIITransforming the Notion of Work for Women: World War I to the Present8Ambition and Its Antidote in a New Generation of Female Workers2179Some Benefits of Labor Segregation in a Decade of Depression25010"Making History Working for Victory"27311The Radical Consequences of Incremental Change300A Note of Acknowledgment320Epilogue325Notes337Index403
