Perfect Order: Recognizing Complexity in Bali
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"A master story teller, Stephen Lansing is unique in his ability to explain order in human societies within the framework of complex systems theory. Through the lens of his Balinese study system, hierarchical organization, equality, and self-organization all become clearer. There are lessons in this book for understanding diverse societies, including our own."—Simon A. Levin, Princeton University, author of Fragile Dominion"The extraordinary complexity of Balinese social life, the grand variousness of its culture, and the clockwork precision of its terraced wet rice agriculture climbing up the sides of towering volcanoes have long astonished scholars, administrators, and tourists alike. In this brilliant synthesis, the anthropologist-cum-ecologist J. Stephen Lansing uncovers the principles which animate them and traces the ways in which they support and govern one another to produce a tremulous and troubled self-organizing, self-repairing whole. The collective management of irrigation, the endemic factionalism of village life, the fears and suspicions of the witches' and demons' spirit world, and the ritualized hierarchy of precedence and power are seen as conducing to a complicated common order precariously maintained. The result is something we have not had before—a comprehensive and circumstantial study of Bali as a whole. A major achievement."—Clifford Geertz, Institute for Advanced Study"Perfect Order is an exceptional work—a new classic in the anthropology of religion, the environment, and society. It will provoke considerable debate in the field—all, I feel, for the better."—Robert W. Hefner, Boston University, author of Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia"This wonderful book weaves together two fields that rarely come close to each other—complex adaptive systems and anthropology. In showing how the two can both give insights into one human-environment system, Lansing also reminds us that complex adaptive systems are not just computer abstractions, but have real-world significance; and that human cultures, while rich in their own right, follow certain dominant patterns and rules, with lessons for the evolution of human societies and cultures today."—Ann P. Kinzig, Arizona State University Phillip Guddemi - Cybernetics & Human Knowing I would recommend . . . this book . . . as perhaps providing an example of social and ecological self-organization which might be useful in modeling other systems, whether in the social or ecological field or even in other fields in which complex adaptive systems may be studied.
Acknowledgments ix Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Origins of Subaks and Water Temples 20 Chapter 3: The Emergence of Cooperation on Water Mountains 67 Chapter 4: Tyrants, Sorcerers, and Democrats 88 Chapter 5: Hieroglyphs of Reason 122 Chapter 6: Demigods at the Summit 153 Chapter 7: Achieving Perfect Order 190 Additional Publications from the Subak Research Projects 213 Index 217
