Petrochemicals in Nontechnical Language
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Retired from the petroleum industry and now consultants, Leffler and Burdick were embarrassed by anachronisms in the 1990 second edition (no date noted for the first) and decided to update. They suggest their work as a fairly comprehensive learning tool (with exercises), subject-specific reference, nontechnical encyclopedia, or primer in petrochemical economics. They switch back and forth between various terms for the same thing, telling readers to get used to it because that is the industry standard. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Foreword xiPreface xiii1 What You Need to Know about Organic Chemistry 1Organic Chemicals 2Paraffins 3Olefins 4Cyclic Compounds 7Heterocompounds 9Polymers and Oligomers 122 Processes and Equipment 15Distillation 15Measuring Processes 21Catalysts 22Separation and Transformation 243 Benzene 25A Historical Perspective 25Benzene from Coal 27Benzene in Petroleum Refining 28Benzene from Olefin Plants 35Benzene from Toluene Hydrodealkylation 35Benzene from Toluene Disproportionation 36Commercial Aspects 384 Toluene and the Xylenes 41Toluene 41The Xylenes 455 Olefin Plants, Ethylene, and Propylene 53Olefin Plants 53Other Technologies 62Ethylene 64Propylene 686 Cyclohexane 71The Traditional Process 72The Liquid Phase Process 75Commercial Aspects 767 The C4 Hydrocarbon Family 79Processing 81Butadiene 82Isobutylene 85Butene-1 86Butene-2 87Alkylation 888 Cumene and Phenol 91Cumene 91Phenol 969 Ethylbenzene and Styrene 103Ethylbenzene 103Styrene 10810 Ethylene Dichloride, Vinyl Chloride, and Epichlorohydrin 117Ethylene Dichloride and Vinyl Chloride 117Epichlorohydrin 12211 Ethylene Oxide and Ethylene Glycol 125Ethylene Oxide 126Ethylene Glycol 12912 Propylene Oxide and Propylene Glycol 133Propylene Oxide 133Propylene Glycol 14113 Ethanolamines and Polyols 145Ethanolamines 145Polyols 14714 Methanol and Synthesis Gas 153Synthesis Gas 153Methanol 15615 FischerTropsch Process 161The Process 161The Equipment 16316 Lots of Other Alcohols 165Ethyl Alcohol 167Isopropyl Alcohol 171Normal Butyl Alcohol and 2-Ethyl Hexanol 175Secondary and Tertiary Butyl Alcohols 1791,4-Butanediol 179The Higher Alcohols 18217 MTBE 193The Process 19318 Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde 197Formaldehyde 198Acetaldehyde 20219 The Ketones: Acetone, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, and Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 207Acetone 208Methyl Ethyl Ketone 211Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 21420 Acids 217Acetic Acid 218Adipic Acid 221Phthalic Acids 22321 Maleic Anhydride 229The Process 230Commercial Aspects 23422 Acrylonitrile, Acrylic Acid, and Acrylates 235Acrylonitrile 236Acrylic Acid 240Acrylates 241Methacrylates 24623 Aniline and Phosgene 251Aniline 251Phosgene 25424 Bisphenol A 257The Process 262Commercial Aspects 26325 Alpha Olefins 261Historical Development 262Manufacturing Alpha Olefins 263Commercial Aspects 27126 Making Polymers 273A Little History 273Classifying Polymers 274Making Polymers 277Methods of Polymerization 283Polymer Properties 28427 Thermoplastics 289Polyethylene 289Polypropylene 298Polyvinyl Chloride 301Polystyrene 304Foams 306Choosing Plastics 30828 MDI and TDI 309MDI 309TDI 31229 Polyurethane 317The Chemistry 317Processing 320Commercial Aspects 32130 Epoxy Resins and Polycarbonates 323Epoxy Resins 323Polycarbonates 32631 Fibers and Other Resins 331Resins 331Fibers 336Appendix: Conversion and Yield Calculations 341Measuring 342Glossary 345Index 373
