Plant Anatomy: An Applied Approach
This indispensable textbook provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of plant anatomy and emphasizes the application of plant anatomy and its relevance to modern botanical research.\ The companion website, ‘The Virtual Plant’, offers a collection of high quality photographs and scanning electron microscope images giving students access to the microscopic detail of plant structures essential to gaining a real understanding of the subject. Exercises for the laboratory are also included,...
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This indispensable textbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of all aspects of plant anatomy. Emphasizes the application of plant anatomy and its relevance to modern botanical research. Features expanded treatment on vegetative anatomy and additional material on functional anatomy. Includes a CD ROM of high quality photographs and scanning electron microscope images giving students access to the microscopic detail of plant structures essential to gaining a real understanding of the subject. Exercises for the laboratory are also included on the CD ROM making this work an indispensable resource for lectures and laboratory classes. “The book is very attractively priced, benefits from many excellent colour images and extra material on the enclosed CD, and takes a practical hands-on approach that will win many friends. Plant anatomy: an applied approach deserves to do well!” (Annals of Botany, 2008) A Network version of the Virtual Plant CD-ROM that accompanies the book is available for separate purchase. To access the artwork from the book, please visit: www.blackwellpublishing.com/cutler.
Preface ixAcknowledgements xIntroduction 1Morphology and tissue systems: the integrated plant body 4General background 4Adaptation to aerial growth 6The systems in detail 9Meristems and meristematic growth 14Introduction 14Apical meristems 15Lateral meristems 20Practical applications and uses of meristems 21The structure of xylem and phloem 28Introduction 28The xylem 28The phloem 41Structure-function relationships in primary and secondary vascular tissues 45The root 48Introduction 48Epidermis 48Cortex 49Endodermis 51Pericycle 52Vascular system 53Lateral roots 54The stem 57Introduction 57Stems - cross-sectional appearance 59Transport phloem within the axial system 64Transport tissue - structural components 66Concludingremarks 68The leaf 70Introduction 70Leaf structure 74The epidermis 76The mesophyll 93Strengthening systems in the leaf 102The vascular system 103The phloem 108Specifics of the monocotyledonous foliage leaf 111Secretory structures 118Concluding remarks 119Flowers, fruits and seeds 121Introduction 121Vascularization 121SEM studies 123Palynology 124Embryology 127Seed and fruit histology 127Adaptive features 135Introduction 135Mechanical adaptations 135Adaptations to habitat 137Xerophytes 139Mesophytes 147Hydrophytes 150Applications 152Economic aspects of applied plant anatomy 154Introduction 154Identification and classification 154Taxonomic application 155Medicinal plants 158Food adulterants and contaminants 159Animal feeding habits 162Wood: present day 163Wood: in archaeology 165Forensic applications 168Palaeobotany 169Postscript 169Practical microtechnique 170Safety considerations 170Materials and methods 170Microscopy 191Selected study material 195Practical exercises 203Glossary 242Cited references 280Further reading 282Index 287
