The Management of Water Quality and Irrigation Technologies
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As countries face deteriorating water and environmental quality as well as water shortages, pollution control and the efficiency of water use become of paramount importance. Agriculture is one of the main nonpoint polluters of water bodies and irrigation for agriculture is one of the main consumers of water. While it is very hard to regulate pollution from agriculture, attempts have been made via economic and command and control instruments, and also through investments in technologies and ecosystems recovery. Coping with non-point pollution takes the form of both policy intervention and technology development.Likewise it is recognized that irrigation efficiency varies across countries, influenced by both technology and supporting adoption policies. Countries that lead in irrigation technology and supporting policies have certain traits in common. They face very high scarcity and are pushed to find innovative solutions, both technical and policy related. The recent multibillion dollar investments in irrigation technologies in Spain and similar proposals in Australia, for example, highlight the potential of irrigation technologies to cope with scarcity and water quality degradation. This book reviews all of the above issues, presents experiences in selected countries, and assesses the degree of success of alternative policies for coping with non-point water pollution and improving irrigation efficiency.
List of figures, Tables and Boxes1 Introduction Jose Albiac Albiac, Jose Ariel Dinar Dinar, Ariel 1Pt. I Non-point Source Pollution Regulation Approaches2 Problems in Assessing Non-point Source Pollution in China: Links to Policy and Regulation Edwin Ongley Ongley, Edwin Yu Tao Yu, Tao 133 Integration of Modelling, Research and Monitoring in the Chesapeake Bay Program Lewis Linker Linker, Lewis Gary Shenk Shenk, Gary Ping Wang Ping, Wang Richard Batiuk Batiuk, Richard 414 Sustainable Water Management and Non-point Source Pollution Control in Spain and the European Union Josc Albiac Albiac, Josc Mithat Mema Mema, Mithat Elena Calvo Calvo, Elena 615 Non-point Pollution Regulation Approaches in the US Marc O. Ribaudo Ribaudo, Marc O. 836 Non-point Pollution Control: Experience and Observations from Australia Michael D. Young Young, Michael D. 1037 China's Water Issues: Transition, Governance and Innovation Yi Wang Yi, Wang 117Pt. II Irrigation Technology to Achieve Water Conservation8 Irrigation Technology and Water Conservation in Jordan Munther J. Haddadin Haddadin, Munther J. 1379 Three Essential Elements of On-farm Irrigation Efficiency and Conservation Baryohay Davidoff Davidoff, Baryohay 15310 Pricing Savings, Valuing Losses and Measuring Costs: Do We Really Know How to Talk about Improved Water Management? Chris Perry Perry, Chris 17911 Institutional Factors and Technology Adoption in Irrigated Farming in Spain: Impacts on Water Consumption Llorenc Avella Avella, Llorenc Marta Garcia-Molla Garcia-Molla, Marta 19712 The Effects of Water Markets, Water Institutions and Prices on the Adoption of Irrigation Technology MichaelD. Young Young, Michael D. 227Index 249
