Wisconsin Indian Literature: Anthology of Native Voices
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Literature of the Indian Nations of Wisconsin is a unique anthology that presents the oral traditions, legends, speeches, myths, histories, literature, and historically significant documents of the current twelve independent bands and Indian Nations of Wisconsin. Kathleen Tigerman sought input from tribe elders and educators to provide an accurate chronological portrait of each nation, including the Siouan Ho-Chunk; the Algonquian Menominee, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi; and three groups originally from what is now New York State: the Iroquoian Oneida, the Stockbridge-Munsee band of the Mohican Nations, and the Brothertown Nation. Some of these works feature a cultural hero or refer to very ancient times—more than six thousand years ago—and others are contemporary. These pieces focus on issues of Wisconsin Native communities by sharing Native knowledge and dialogue about sovereignty, decolonization, cultural genocide, forced removals, assimilation, and other concerns. This anthology introduces us to a vivid and unforgettable group of voices, enhanced by many maps, photographs, and chronologies. Literature of the Indian Nations of Wisconsin fosters cross-cultural understanding among non-Native readers and the people of the First Nations.KLIATTThe most important aspect of this rich and widely diversified volume is that all of the pieces are written or retold by members of the seven tribal groups now living in Wisconsin: the Menominee, Ho-Chunk, Ojibwe, Potowawatomi, Oneida, Stockbridge-Munsee band of Mohicans, and Brotherton nations. These writings are acts of "survivance," a combination of survival and resistance, and they speak for the humanity of the speaker and writer. Within the sections dedicated to each of these nations, the reader finds creation stories, folk stories, poetry, short stories and contemporary commentaries. This range allows teachers of all levels to find material appropriate to their classrooms. Historical or explanatory notes accompany each piece. In addition, the pieces are annotated and there is an extensive bibliography.
List of Illustrations xiiiForeword xvAcknowledgments xixWisconsin Indian Nation Chronology xxiiiIntroduction 3Literature of the Menominee NationCreation Story-Verna Fowler, Menominee 11The People Who Live with the Seasons-Verna Fowler, Menominee 13From Native Copper to the Fur Trade-Waioskasit, Menominee 14Manabozho and the Wolves-Louis Pigeon, Menominee 16Trickster Tales-John V Satterlee, Menominee 19Manabozho Plays Lacrosse-John V Satterlee, Menominee 21Me'napus and the Buzzard-Jerome Lawe, Menominee 24Menominee Medicine Bundle-Anonymous, Menominee 26Struggle for Land and Timber-Verna Fowler, Menominee 28You Do Not Seem to Know Us - Kaushkannaniew (or Grizzly Bear), Menominee 29Resistance to the Timber Barons-Neopit, Menominee 30Termination and Restoration-Verna Fowler, Menominee 31The Power Came from the People-Ada Deer, Menominee 32Menominee Termination-DRUMS Committee, Menominee 34Current Resource Extraction-John Teller, Menominee 38The Power Comes from Within-Ingrid Washinawatok, Menominee 39Literature of the Ho-Chunk NationSovereignty in a Spiritual Landscape-Lyle Greendeer, Ho-Chunk 47Not an Ordinary Place-Tom Hopinkah, Ho-Ghunk 49Gottschall Rockshelter and the Epic of Red Horn - Sam Blowsnake, Ho-Chunk 50Origin Story of Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin-Waukon G. Smith, Ho-Ghunk 59Frenchmen Arrive-Anonymous, Ho-Chunk 60It Was Not a Sale; It Was a Loan-Four Legs, Ho-Ghunk 62Theft of the Lead Mining District-Nawkaw Garamani, Ho-Chunk 63Red Bird Surrenders-Red Bird, Ho-Chunk 64The Treaty of 1829-Waukon Decora, Ho-Chunk 65Do You Want Our Wigwams? You Live in Palaces!- Little Elk Caramani, Ho-Chunk 66Where in the Name of God Shall We Live?-Little Elk Garamani, Ho-Chunk 67The Black Hawk War-Little Elk Garamani, Ho-Chunk 68If They Did Not Sign, He Would Kill Them-Dandy Ho-Chunk 72Forced Removals: The Ho-Chunk Trail of Tears- Winneshiek, Shaking Earth Garamani, Big Hawk, and Black Hawk; Ho-Chunk 74Mountain Wolf Woman: The Autobiography of a Winnebago Indian-Mountain Wolf Woman, Ho-Chunk 78A Ho-Chunk Autobiography-Sam Blowsnake (a.k.a. Crashing Thunder), Ho-Chunk 84Trickster Tales-Waukon G. Smith, Ho-Chunk 35Wak'djunk'aga and the Car-Dawn Makes Strong Move, Ho-Chunk 87How It Is Today-Jim Funmaker, Ho-Chunk 88Literature of the Ojibwe NationThe Anishinabe-Patty Loew, Bad River Ojibwe 91The Great Flood-Edward Benton-Banai, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 92Where Food Grows on Water-Patty Loew, Bad River Ojibwe 95The Indian Always Talks to the Spirit-Archie Mosay (or Niibaa-giizhig), St. Croix Ojibwe 97Creation Story-Edward Benton-Banai, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 99Spearfishing-Walt Bresette, Red Cliff Chippewa 101It Gives Me a Strong Feeling-Nick Hockings, Lac du Flambeau Ojibwe 104The Flooding of Pahquahwong-William Wolf, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 105Abrogating the Treaty-Pimosegejig, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 106Cultural Genocide -Patty Loew, Bad River Ojibwe 107Elders Refuse to Move-Edward Benton-Banai, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 108Dealing with Mooskadoojiigan (The Place That Was Flooded)-gaiashkibos, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 109Drum of the People-gaiashkibos, Lac Courte Oreille Ojibwe 110Mole Lake Sokaogon Chippewa-Fred Ackly, Sokaogon Chippewa 111From Aboard the Night Train-Kimberly Blaeser, White Earth Ojibwe 112Avian Messiah and Mistress Media-Andrew Connors, Bad River Ojibwe 120My Mother and I Had a Discussion One Day-Denise Sweet, White Earth Ojibwe 139Sage Dreams-Danielle M. Hornett, Bad River Ojibwe 141The Importance of Madeline Island-William Whipple Warren, Madeline Island Ojibwe 151Literature of the Potawatomi NationThe Creation of the World-Wapuka, Potawatomi 155We All Sing-Anonymous, Potawatomi 158Now We All Move-Anonymous, Potawatomi 159The Trail of Death: Potawatomi Diaspora-Susan Campbell, Citizen Potawatomi Nation 160Chief Menominee's Petition-Chief Menominee, Potawatomi 166I Am Not Going to Leave My Lands-Chief Menominee, Potawatomi 167The Story of a Faithful Wife-John Nuwi, Wisconsin Potawatomi 168How Mko Lost His Tail-Lee White, Forest County Potawatomi 170Now I Raise My Hand-Anonymous, Potawatomi 171Dance with Our Mother Earth-Anonymous, Potawatomi 172One People: The Ojibwe, Ottawa, and Potawatomi-Oral Tradition, Potawatomi 173The Origin of Tobacco-Oral Tradition, Potawatomi 177The Adventure of a Poor Man-Oral Tradition, Potawatomi 180They Will Sometime Find Their Mistakes-Shawequet, Potawatomi 182Queen of the Woods-Simon Pokagon, Potawatomi 183Literature of the Oneida NationThe Thanksgiving Address-The Oneida Nation 191The Oneida Creation Story-Demus Elm and Harvey Antone, Oneida 193People of the Standing Stone-Thelma Cornelius McLester, Oneida 197Jigonsaseh, Mother of Nations-John C. Mohawk, Seneca 198The Peacemaker-Mohawk People, Haudenosaunee Oral Tradition 200The Great Law of Peace-Peacemaker, Huron 205Matriarchy-Peacemaker, Huron 207Did You Hear Wind Sing Your Name?: An Oneida Song of Spring-Sandra De Coteau Orie, Oneida 215Oneida Counsel Peace between Two Brothers-Oneida Headmen 217Oneida Reject Offer of Christian Education-Oneida Headmen 219Forced from New York in the 1820s-Daniel Bread, Oneida 222No! You Will Not Drive Us from Our Lands-Onon-gwat-go (or Reverend Cornelius Hill), Oneida 224The Way They Used to Get Married-Katie Cornelius, Oneida 225Broken Spine and His Wife-Sarah Summers, Oneida 227Philadelphia Flowers-Roberta J. Hill, Oneida 228The Long Parenthesis-Roberta J. Hill, Oneida 233Evening at the Warbonnet-Bruce King, Haudenosaunee-Oneida Nation of Wisconsin 235Interview with a Midwife - Carol Cornelius, Oneida/Mahican; and Katsi Cook, Mohawk 245Literature of the Stockbridge-Munsee Band of MohicanTraditional Teachings-Hendrick Aupaumut, Mohican 253Mama's Little One-Kristina Heath Potrykus, Mohican and Menominee 256Ancestral Voices-Cathy J. Caldwell, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 258Historical Overview-Dorothy W. Davids, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 260We Have No More Land-Mohican Headmen 263That Our Children Not Be Taken Away from Us for Debt-Chief Konkapot, Mohican 265Watching My Daughter Sleep-Cathy J. Caldwell, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 267Not Tyrants over Any Nation-Hendrick Aupaumut, Mohican 268Hunting Now Is Grown Very Scarce-Stockbridge Headmen 270Return to Me That Land That Is Justly Mine-Johannis Mtohksin, Jacob Naunauphtaunk, and Solomon Uhhaunauwaunmut; Stockbridge 271Former Concentration Camp and Cemetery: Now a Recreation Area?-Muhheconneuk Intertribal Committee on Deer Island 273Thanksgiving-Dorothy W. Davids, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 274Mohican Diplomat-Hendrick Aupaumut, Mohican 276Daniel Nimham, Mohican Sachem-Dorothy W. Davids, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 279Chief Nimham, Hero of Van Cortlandt's Woods-Eva Jean Bowman, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 280Conversion-Dorothy W Davids, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 283Matrilineage and Democracy-Hendrick Aupaumut, Mohican 284Grandmother Moon-Cathy J. Caldwell, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 286Eunice Stick-Nicole Hirthe and Brad Pecore, Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican 288Literature of the Brothertown NationBrothertown Indian Nation of Wisconsin-Brothertown Indian Nation 293Mission Statement-Brothertown Indian Nation 294First of the Mohegans-Uncas, Mohegan 295To Settle My Posterity to Walk in the Straight Path-Uncas, Mohegan 297Massacre of Pequot at Mystic in 1637-Miantonomi, Narragansett 298Narragansett Act of Submission-Canonicus, Pessicus, and Mixam; Narragansett 299Our Forefathers Had Everything in Great Plenty-Henry Quaquaquid and Robert Ashpo, Mohegan 301A Mohegan Minister's Autobiography-Samson Occum, Mohegan 303The Diary of Samson Occum-Jim Ottery, Brothertown 307An Execution Sermon-Samson Occum, Mohegan 310Nation Building and Cultural Adaptation-Joseph Johnson, Mohegan 313Second Speech to the Oneidas-Joseph Johnson, Mohegan 316Eulogy on King Philip-William Apess, Pequot 318Protectors of Mary Rowlandson-Sam Sachem, Kutquen, Quassohit, and Peter Jethro; Algonquians 343Out-Skating the Devil-Caroline K. Andler, Brothertown 345Makia'wisag, or "Little People"-Fidelia Fielding, Mohegan 346A Son of the Forest-William Apess, Pequot 348Sketch of the Brothertown Indians-Thomas Commuck, Brothertown 355Rhetorical Sovereignty-Jim Ottery, Brothertown 360Petition for Federal Acknowledgement as an American Indian Tribe-Brothertown Indian Nation of Wisconsin 362Notes 363Bibliography 375Index 391
