Online Journalism
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PrefacexiTo the StudentxvChapter 1Introduction to Online Journalism1Goals1What is Journalism?6Fairness6Attribution8Accuracy8Relevance8Newness9Advantages of Online Journalism9Audience Control9Nonlinearity10Storage and Retrieval10Unlimited Space11Immediacy11Multimedia Capability13Interactivity13Types of Online Journalism Sites13Evaluating Online Sites15Who Is Producing the Site?15What Is the Content of the Site?16Is the Information Accurate?16How Often Is the Information Updated?16What Does the Site Look Like?17Beginning Your Journey Into Online Journalism17What's Next18Activities18Chapter 2Tools and Terminology19Goals19The Internet and the World Wide Web20Early Development of the Internet20Text-Based Internet Applications21Development of the World Wide Web22How the World Wide Web Works22Digital Media24Understanding Digital: Bits, Bytes and the Like24Types of Digital Media25Hardware31Bandwidth32Computer Considerations33Software35Browsers and Plug-Ins35Authoring Software35Editing Software36What's Next36Activities36Chapter 3HTML and Authoring37Goals37HTML Standards38Basic HTML38Structural Tags40Tags for Graphics and Links43Formatting Text44Using Preformatted HTML Commands46Using HTML Tags for Text Formatting47Using Cascading Style Sheets49Using Authoring Programs51Web Creation and Management51Basic Program Operation53Text Formatting56Links, Images and Multimedia Elements58Putting Your Files on the Web58What's Next60Activities60Chapter 4Working in Online Journalism61Goals61Creating Online Journalism62Online Journalism Content62Convergence63Content Management Systems65Online News Processes69Online Journalism Organizations: Three Case Studies70WashingtonPost.Newsweek Interactive70CJOnline77WTVG-TV80What's Next82Activities82Chapter 5Using Online Reporting Sources83Goals83The Internet as a Reporting Source84E-Mail Related Sources86Using E-mail87Newsgroups87Listservs88Web Page-Based Sources89General Reference Sources89Specialized Sources for Journalists90Search Engines92Directories94Online Journalism Sites96Databases96Evaluating Sources99Evaluating Top-Level Domains99Personal Web Pages102Other Evaluation Criteria103Being Careful: External Links and Hackers104What's Next105Activities105Chapter 6Web Page Design107Goals107Basic Online Journalism Design108Layout Grids108Page Dimensions109Usability113Principles of Design113Unity115Contrast115Hierarchy117Consistency118Using Text119Font Classifications119Text Alignment121Line Length121Text Techniques to Avoid123Using Color and Graphics124Color Considerations124Graphics and Storage Space125Graphic Design Elements128Using Tables to Design Web Pages128Creating Tables130Creating a Page Layout Grid133What's Next140Activities142Chapter 7Writing and Editing Online143Goals143Writing for the Online Reader144Short Sentences and Paragraphs145Subheads and Bolding146Bullet Points and Lists150Voice151Text-Based Online Story Forms151Print Plus152Layered Stories: By Detail152Layered Stories: By Topic156Updating Online Stories159What's Next167Activities168Chapter 8Using Links in Online Stories169Goals169Creating Links Using HTML170Using the Anchor Tag170Setting the Link Target172Linking Issues174Permission to Link174Link Maintenance174Taking Users Away from Your Story175Selecting Links175Link Functions175Paring Links177Presenting Links177Main Story Links178Sidebar Links180Shells185Beat Shells186Issue Shells188Story Shells188User Shells188What's Next190Activities190Chapter 9Multimedia and Interactivity191Goals191Types of Media Elements194Graphics194Sound196Video199Rich Content200Advanced Interactivity203Forums and Blogs203Databases204Making Media Decisions204Nature of the Story204Target Audience205Available Resources206Examples of Interactive and Multimedia Content206What's Next214Activities214Chapter 10Legal and Ethical Issues215Goals215Libel216Libel Liability216Forum Shopping218Obscenity and Indecency219Copyright220Fair Use221Copyright on the Internet222Copyright and the Online Journalist223Linking Law225Deep Linking226Inline Linking227Framing228Associative Linking229Linking to Illegal or Infringing Material230Legal Implications for Online Journalists231Ethical Issues232Linking232Blogging233What's Next235Activities235Chapter 11Opportunities and Challenges237Goals237The Economic Structure of Online Journalism238Selling Advertising238Charging Subscription Fees241Offering Value-Added Services241The Role of Online Journalism in Society242Delivery to Other Devices246Convergence247Service to Underrepresented Communities248Service to Users with Disabilities248What's Next250Activities250Appendix ACommon Text-Formatting Selectors in CSS253Appendix BCommon Positioning and Design Selectors in CSS255Glossary257Index265
