Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition
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Ronald Burt describes the social structural theory of competition that has developed through the last two decades. The contrast between perfect competition and monopoly is replaced with a network model of competition. The basic element in this account is the structural hole: a gap between two individuals with complementary resources or information. Barry Markovsky - Contemporary Sociology Structural Holes proves that basic and applied research, micro and macro levels of analysis, and parsimonious and opulent theorizing are not mutual exclusions.
AcknowledgmentsIntroduction11The Social Structure of Competition8Opportunity and Capital8Information13Structural Holes18Control and the Tertius Gaudens30Entrepreneurs34Secondary Holes38Structural Autonomy44Summary452Formalizing the Argument50Network Data50Redundancy51Constraint54Hole Signature65Structural Autonomy71Summary813Turning a Profit82Product Networks and Market Profit82The Study Population85Hole Effects91Market Hole Signatures100Summary110Appendix: Weighing Alternatives1114Getting Ahead115Contact Networks and Manager Achievement115The Study Population118Hole Effects131Hierarchy140Institutional Holes148Selecting a Network157Summary163Appendix A: Weighing Alternatives166Appendix B: Causal Order1735Player-Structure Duality181Structural Unit of Analysis181Players and Structures185Escape from Attributes186No Escape190Summary1926Commit and Survive195Holes and Heterogeneity195Interface and the Commit Hypothesis197Population Ecology and the Survival Hypothesis208Summary2257Strategic Embedding and Institutional Residue228The Other Tertius229Strategy Hypothesis236Formal Organization as Social Residue238Personality as Emotional Residue251Summary264Notes271References299Index311
