Engineering Design Graphics: With Autocad Release 14 and 2000

(NOTE: Each chapter begins with Introduction and concludes with Problems.) 1. Engineering and Technology. Engineering Graphics. Technological Milestones. The Technological Team. Engineering Fields. Aerospace Engineering. Agricultural Engineering. Chemical Engineering. Civil Engineering. Electrical Engineering. Industrial Engineering. Mechanical Engineering. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering. Nuclear Engineering. Petroleum Engineering. Graphics/Drafting. 2. The Design Process. Types of Design Problems. The Design Process. Graphics and Design. Application of the Design Process. 3. Problem Identification. Example: Ladder Attachment. The Identification Process. Design Worksheets. Example: Exercise Bench. Organization of Effort. Planning Design Activities. 4. Preliminary Ideas. Individual versus Team Methods. Plan of Action. Brainstorming. Sketching and Notes. Design Sketching: Application. Quickie Design. Background Information. Opinion Surveys. Preliminary Ideas: Exercise Bench. 5. Refinement. Physical Properties. Application of Descriptive Geometry. Refinement Considerations. Refinement: Exercise Bench. Standard Parts. 6. Design Analysis. Graphics and Analysis. Types of Analysis. Analysis: Exercise Bench. 7. Decision. Types of Decisions.Decision: Exercise Bench. Types of Presentations. Organizing a Presentation. Visual Aids. Making a Presentation. Written Reports. 8. Implementation. Working Drawings. Specifications. Assembly Drawings. Miscellaneous Considerations. Implementation: Exercise Bench. Patents. Patent Drawings. Patent Searches. Questions and Answers. 9. Design Problems. The Individual Approach. The Team Approach. Selection of a Problem. Problem Specifications. Scheduling Team Activities. Short Design Problems. Systems Design Problems. Product Design Problems. 10. Drawing Instruments. Drawing Media. Drawing Equipment. Lines. Measurements. Presentation of Drawings. 11. Lettering. Lettering Tools. Guidelines. Gothic Lettering. Computer Lettering. 12. Geometric Construction. Polygons. Circles. Geometric Solids. Constructing Polygons. Bisecting Lines and Angles. Division of Lines. An Arc through Three Points. Parallel Lines. Tangents. Conic Sections. Spirals. Helixes. 13. Freehand Sketching. Shape Description. Sketching Techniques. Six-View Sketching. Three-View Sketching. Circular Features. Pictorial Sketching: Obliques. Pictorial Sketching: Isometrics. 14. Orthographic Projection with Instruments. Orthographic Projection. Alphabet of Lines. Six-View Drawings. Three-View Drawings. Arrangement of Views. Selection of Views. Line Techniques. Point Numbering. Lines and Planes. Drawing with Triangles. Views by Subtraction. Three-View Drawings. Views by Computer. Two-View Drawings. One-View Drawings. Simplified and Removed Views. Partial Views. Curve Plotting. Conventional Practices. Conventional Intersections. Fillets and Rounds. First-Angle Projection. 15. Primary Auxiliary Views. Folding Line Principles. Auxiliaries from the Top View. Auxiliaries from the Top: Application. The Rules of Auxiliary Construction. Auxiliaries from the Front View. Auxiliaries from the Profile View. Curved Shapes. Partial Views. Auxiliary Sections. Secondary Auxiliary Views. Elliptical Features. 16. Sections. Basics of Sectioning. Sectioning Symbols. Sectioning Assemblies of Parts. Full Sections. Partial Views. Half Sections. Offset Sections. Broken-Out Sections. Revolved Sections. Removed Sections. Conventional Revolutions. Conventional Breaks. Phantom (Ghost) Sections. Auxiliary Sections. 17. Screws, Fasteners, and Springs. Thread Terminology. English System Specifications. English Thread Notes. Metric Thread Notes. Drawing Threads. Detailed Symbols. Schematic Symbols. Nuts and Bolts. Drawing Square Heads. Drawing Hexagon Heads. Types of Screws. Other Threaded Fasteners. Tapping a Hole. Washers, Lock Washers, and Pins. Pipe Threads and Fittings. Keys. Rivets. Springs. Drawing Springs. 18. Gears and Cams. Spur Gears. Gear Ratios. Drawing Spur Gears. Bevel Gears. Drawing Bevel Gears. Worm Gears. Drawing Worm Gears. Cams. Designing Plate Cams. 19. Materials and Processes. Commonly Used Metals. Properties of Metals. Forming Metal Shapes. Machining Operations. Surface Finishing. Plastics and Other Materials. Review Questions. 20. Dimensioning. Terminology. Units of Measurement. English/Metric Conversions. Dual Dimensioning. Metric Units. Numerals and Symbols. Dimensioning by Computer. Dimensioning Rules. Curved and Symmetrical Parts. Finished Surfaces. Location Dimensions. Objects with Rounded Ends. Outline Dimensioning. Machined Holes. Chamfers. Keyseats. Knurling. Necks and Undercuts. Tapers. Miscellaneous Notes. 21. Tolerances. Tolerance Dimensions. Mating Parts. Tolerancing Terms: English Units. Basic Hole System. Basic Shaft System. Cylindrical Fits. Tolerancing: Metric Units. Chain versus Datum Dimensions. Tolerance Notes. General Tolerances: Metric Units. Geometric Tolerances. Rules for Tolerancing. Cylindrical Datum Features. Datum Targets. Location Tolerancing. Form Tolerancing. Profile Tolerancing. Orientation Tolerancing. Runout Tolerancing. Surface Texture. 22. Welding. Welding Processes. Weld Joints and Welds. Welding Symbols. Application of Symbols. Surface Contouring. Brazing. Soldering. 23. Working Drawings. Working Drawings as Legal Documents. Dimensions and Units. Laying out a Detail Drawing. Notes and Other Information. Checking a Drawing. Drafter's Log. Assembly Drawings. Freehand Working Drawings. Working Drawings for Forged Parts and Casting. 24. Reproduction of Drawings. Computer Reproduction. Types of Reproduction. Assembling Drawing Sets. Transmittal of Drawings. 25. Three-Dimensional Pictorials. Oblique Drawings. Oblique Projection Theory. Isometric Pictorials. Isometric Drawings. Technical Illustration. Isometrics by Computer. Axonometric Projections. Perspective Pictorials. Three-Dimensional Modeling. The Human Figure. 26. Points, Lines, and Planes. Projection of Points. Lines. Visibility. Planes. Parallelism. Perpendicularity. Planes. 27. Primary Auxiliary Views in Descriptive Geometry. Geometry by Computer. True-Length Lines. Angles between Lines and Principal Planes. Sloping Lines. Bearings and Azimuths of Lines. Application: Plot Plans. Contour Maps and Profiles. Plan-Profiles. Edge Views of Planes. Planes and Lines. Sloping Planes. Ore Vein Applications. Intersections between Planes. Review Questions. 28. Successive Auxiliary Views. Point View of a Line. Dihedral Angles. True Size of a Plane. Shortest Distance from a Point to a Line: Line Method. Shortest Distance between Skewed Lines: Line Method. Shortest Distance between Skewed Lines: Plane Method. Shortest Level Distance between Skewed Lines. Shortest Grade Distance between Skewed Lines. Angular Distance to a Line. Angle between a Line and a Plane: Plane Method. Angle between a Line and a Plane: Line Method. 29. Revolution. True-Length Lines: Front View. True Size of a Plane. Angle between Planes. Determining Direction. Revolution: Point about an Axis. A Line at Specified Angles. 30. Vector Graphics. Definitions. Coplanar, Concurrent Forces. Noncoplanar, Concurrent Forces. Forces in Equilibrium. Coplanar Truss Analysis. Noncoplanar Vectors: Special Cases. Resultant of Parallel, Nonconcurrent Forces. 31. Intersections and Developments. Intersections of Lines and Planes. Intersections between Prisms. Intersections between Planes and Cylinders. Intersections between Cylinders and Prisms. Intersections between Cylinders. Intersections between Planes and Cones. Intersections between Cones and Prisms. Principles of Development. Development of Rectangular Prisms. Development of Oblique Prisms. Development of Cylinders. Development of Oblique Cylinders. Development of Pyramids. Development of Cones. Development of Transition Pieces. 32. Graphs. Pie Graphs. Bar Graphs. Linear Coordinate Graphs. Semilogarithmic Coordinate Graphs. Schematics. Graphs by Computer. 33. Nomography. Alignment Graph Scales. Concurrent Scales. Alignment Graphs: Three Variables. Parallel Scale Graphs: Linear Scales. N or Z Nomographs. 34. Empirical Equations and Calculus. Linear Equation: Y = MX + B. Power Equation: Y = BXM. Exponential Equation: Y = BMX. Graphical Calculus. Graphical Differentiation. Graphical Integration. 35. Pipe Drafting. Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe. Cast-Iron Pipe. Copper, Brass, and Bronze Piping. Miscellaneous Pipes. Pipe Joints. Pipe Fittings. Screwed Fittings. Flanged Fittings. Welded Fittings. Valves. Fittings in Orthographic Views. Piping Systems in Pictorial. Dimensioned Isometrics. Vessel Detailing. Computer Drawings. 36. Electric/Electronics Graphics. Types of Diagrams. Schematic Diagram Connecting Symbols. Graphic Symbols. Terminals. Separation of Parts. Reference Designations. Numerical Units of Function. Functional Identification of Parts. Printed Circuits. Shortcut Symbols. Installation Drawings. 37. AutoCAD® Computer Graphics. Computer Graphics Overview. Computer Hardware. Your First AutoCAD Session. Introduction to Windows. Format of Presentation. Using Dialogue Boxes. Drawing Aids. General Assistance Commands. Drawing Layers. Toolbars. A New Drawing. Drawing Scale. Saving and Exiting. Plotting Parameters. Readying the Plotter or Printer. 2D Lines (Draw Toolbar). Circles (Draw Toolbar). Arcs (Draw Toolbar). Polygon (Draw Toolbar). Ellipse (Draw Toolbar). Fillet (Modify Toolbar). Chamfer (Modify Toolbar). Trim (Modify Toolbar). Extend (Modify Toolbar). Trace (Command Line). Zoom and Pan (Standard Toolbar). Selecting Objects. Erase and Break (Modify Toolbar). Move and Copy (Modify Toolbar). Undo (Standard Toolbar). Change (Modify Toolbar). Grips (Tools Menu). Polyline (Draw Toolbar). Pedit (Draw Toolbar). Spline (Draw Toolbar). Hatching (Draw Toolbar). Text and Numerals. Text Style (Format Menu). Multiline (Draw Toolbar). Mirror (Modify Toolbar). Osnap (Object Snap Toolbar). Array (Modify Toolbar). Donut (Draw Menu). Scale (Modify Toolbar). Stretch (Modify Toolbar). Rotate (Modify Toolbar). Setvar (Command Line). Divide (Draw Menu). Measure (Draw Menu). Offset (Modify Toolbar). Blocks (Draw Toolbar). Transparent Commands. View (Command Line). Inquiry Commands (Tools). Dimensioning. Dimension Style Variables. Linear Dimensions (Dimension Toolbar). Angular Dimensions (Dimension Toolbar). Diameter (Dimension Toolbar). Radius (Dimension Toolbar). Dimension Style Manager (Dimension Toolbar). Saving Dimension Styles. Editing Dimensions. Toleranced Dimensions. Geometric Tolerances (Dimension Toolbar). Express Menu. Custom Title Block and Border. Digitizing with the Tablet. Sketch (Miscellaneous Toolbar). Oblique Pictorials. Isometric Pictorals. 38. 3D Modeling. Paper Space and Model Space: An Overview. Paper Space versus Model Space. Fundamentals of 3D Drawing. Elementary Extrusions. Coordinate Systems. Setting Viewpoints (Vpoints). Application of Extrusions. Dynamic View (Dview). 3D Orbit. Basic 3D Shapes (Surfaces). Surface Modeling. Line, Pline, and 3Dpoly. 3Dface Command. XYZ Filters. Solid Modeling: Introduction. An Extrusion Example. Solids: Primitives. Modifying Solids. Section. Slice. A Solid Model Example. Three-View Drawing. Views of a Solid. Mass Properties (Massprop). Paper Space and Model Space. Dimensioning in 3D. Render. Lights. Working with Scenes. Materials.